History of Batik Indonesia, Art Coloring
Batik is one way of making fabric. Besides batik can refer to two things. The first is the technique of coloring cloth using a portion of the night to prevent staining of the fabric. In the international literature, this technique is known as a wax-resist dyeing. The second notion is the fabric or clothing made with these techniques, including the use of certain motifs that have specificity. Indonesian batik, as the overall technical, technological and cultural development and related motifs, by Unesco has been designated as a Heritage for Humanity for the Oral and Intangible Cultural (Oral Masterpieces of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity and) since October 2, 2009.
Art fabrics stained with staining prevention techniques using night is one of the ancient art form. The discovery in Egypt showed that this technique has been known since the 4th century BC, with the discovery of the wrapping cloth which is also coated mumii night to form a pattern. In Asia, similar to batik technique is also applied in China during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907) as well as in India and Japan during the Nara Period (645-794). In Africa, such as batik technique known by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria etc.. . In Indonesia, batik is believed to have existed since the time of Majapahit, and became very popular end of the XVIII century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is everything to early twentieth century and the new batik known after World War I or about 1920.
Although the word "batik" is derived from the Javanese language, batik in Java's presence alone is not listed. G.P. Rouffaer believes that the batik technique is likely introduced from India or Sri Lanka in the 6th century or the 7th. On the other hand, J.L.A. Brandes (Dutch archaeologists) and F.A. Sutjipto (archaeologist Indonesia) believe that the tradition of batik is a native of the region such as the Toraja, Flores, Halmahera and Papua. It should be noted that these regions are not areas that are influenced by Hinduism, but known to have the ancient tradition of making batik.
G.P. Rouffaer gringsing also reported that the pattern has been popular since the 12th century in Kediri, East Java. He concludes that this pattern can only be formed by using a canting, so he believes that the canting is found in Java at the time about it.
The Legend of Malays in the literature of the 17th century, Sulalatus Salatin told Admiral Hang Nadim ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to India to get 140 pieces of litter with 40 kinds of flower patterns on each sheet. Unable to fulfill the order, he makes his own cloth-cloth. But unfortunately shipwrecked on his way home and only carry four pieces that make the emperor was disappointed. By some commentators, WHO? litter was interpreted as batik.
In European literature, batik technique was first described in the book History of Java (London, 1817) writings of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. He served as British governor of Java during Napoleon occupied the Netherlands. In 1873 a Dutch merchant Van Rijekevorsel give a piece of batik, which is obtained during a visit to Indonesia to the Ethnic Museums in Rotterdam and in the early 19th century that is beginning to reach the golden batik. When exhibited at the World Exposition in Paris in 1900, Indonesian batik artists and the public enthralled.
Since the industrialization and globalization, which introduces automation techniques, new types emerged batik, known as batik and batik prints, while produced with traditional batik techniques handwriting using canting and night is called batik. At the same time immigrants from Indonesia to Malaya Fellowship also bring along their batiks.
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